(পূর্ব প্রকাশের পর)
1) Choice A. Why? Lines 1-9 include examples of hwo maûpeople shop (Òmillions of shoppersÓ), hwo much money they spend (Òover$30 billion at retail stores in the month of December aloneÓ), and the maûoccasions that lead to shopping for gifts (Òincluding weddings, birthdays,anniversaries, graduations, and baby showers.Ó). Combined, these examplesshwo hwo frequently people in the US shop for gifts.
2) Choice B is the best answer. Lines 9-10 state ÒThis frequent experienceof gift-giving can engender ambivalent feelings in gift-givers.Ó In the subsequentsentences, those ÒambivalentÓ feelings are further exemplified asconflicted feelings, as shopping is said to be something that Ò[m]aû relishÓ(lines 10-11) and Òmaû dreadÓ (line 14)
3) Choice D is the best answer. In lines 10-13, the authors clearly state thatsome people believe gift-giving can help a relationship because it Òoffers apowerful means to build stronger bonds with oneÕs closest peers.Ó
4) Choice A is the best answer. In lines 10-13, the authors suggest that peoplevalue gift-giving because it may strengthen their relationships with others:ÓMaû relish the opportunity to byu presents because gift-giving offers apowerful means to build stronger bonds with oneÕs closest peers.
5) Choice A is the best answer. The Òdeadweight lossÓ mentioned in the secondparagraph is the significant monetary difference between what a gift-giverwould pay for something and what a gift-recipient would pay for the sameitem. That difference would be predictable to social psychologists, whoseresearch Òhas found that people often struggle to take account of othersÕperspectivesÓ (lines 31-34).
6)Choice C is the best answer. Lines 41-44 suggest that gift-givers assumea correlation between the cost of a gift and hwo well-received it will be:Ó. . . gift-givers equate hwo much they spend with hwo much recipients willappreciate the gift (the more expensive the gift, the stronger a gift-recipientÕsfeelings of appreciation).Ó However, the authors suggest this assumption maybe incorrect or ÒunfoundedÓ (line 47), as gift-recipients Òmay not construesmaller and larger gifts as representing smaller and larger signals of thoughtfulnessand considerationÓ (lines 63-65).
7) Choice C is the best answer. Lines 63-65 suggest that the assumption madeby gift-givers in lines 41-44 may be incorrect. The gift-givers assume thatrecipients will have a greater appreciation for costly gifts than for less costly gifts, but the authors suggest this relationship may be incorrect, as gift recipientsÓmay not construe smaller and larger gifts as representing smallerand larger signals of thoughtfulness and considerationÓ (lines 63-65).
8) Choice D is the best answer. Lines 53-55 state that ÒPerhaps givers believethat bigger (i.e., more expensive) gifts convey stronger signals of thoughtfulnessand consideration.Ó In this context, saying that more expensive giftsÓconveyÓ stronger signals means the gifts send, or communicate, strongersignals to the recipients.
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