সিনিয়র শিক্ষক, ইংরেজি
হলি ফ্লাওয়ার মডেল কলেজ
E-mail: [email protected]
মোবাইল : ০১৭২২-১০৬২৪৫
শিক্ষার্থী বন্ধুরা,
ইতিপূর্বে তোমাদের জন্য দুই পর্বে Voice Change নিয়ে আলোচনা করেছি। এবারে কিছু অতিরিক্ত নিয়ম আলোচনা করা হলো। আগামী লেখায় সামগ্রিকভাবে Voice Changeউপস্থাপন করা হবে।
Rule-1:
Double object বা দুটি object থাকলে যে কোন একটি object কে Passive voice-Gi Subject করতে হয়। যেমন-
Active : She gave me a Pen.
Passive : I was given a pen by her.
Or, A Pen was given me by her.
Rule-2 :
Complex এবং ঈCompound Sentenceএর Passive করতে দুটি উপায় অনুসরণ করা যায় :
(১) উভয় Clause এর Passive করা
(২) Subordinate Clause কে Subject ধরে Passive করা। যেমন-
Active: I know that he will help me.
Passive : It is Known to me that I will be helped by him.
Or, That I will be helped by him is known to me.
Subordinate clause এ কোন object না থাকলে পুরো Sub. clause টিকেobject ধরে Passive করতে হয়।
Active : I know how he has come.
sub. clause
Passive : How he has arrived is known to me.
Rule-3 :
Reflexive Pronoun (My self, ourselves, himself, herself) থাকলে Passive করার নিয়ম :
গঠন : Active এর Sub + tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + এর P.P + by + Reflexive Pronoun.
Active : He Killed himself.
Passive : He was Killed by himself.
Active : She fans herself.
Passive : She is fanned by herself.
Rule-4 :
Quasi-Passive (Sub + verb + Adjective) থাকলে Passive করার দুটি উপায় রয়েছে।
গঠন : Sub+ to be verb + Adj. + when + 1g Sub অনুযায়ী it/they tense অনুযায়ী to be verb + g~j verb Gi P.P form.
Or, MVb : Sub + tense Abyhvqx to be verb + g~j verb -Gi P.P + Adj.
Active : Rice Sells cheap
Passive : Rice is Cheap when it is sold.
OR, Rice is sold cheap.
Active : The blanket feels soft.
Passive : The blanket is soft when it is felt.
OR, The blanket is felt soft.
Rule-5 :
Transitive verb Gi Complement, Passive voice Gi Subject wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ nq bv|
Active : we elected him chairman.
Passive : He was elected chairman by us.
Rule-6 :
Need, bid, dare, make, hear, let see, know, watch cÖf…wZ verb ¸‡jvi ci to Dn¨ _v‡K| wKš‘ Passive Kivi mgq G‡`i ci to e‡m|
Active : I made him do the work.
Passive : He was made to do the work by me.
Active : We saw them play.
Passive : They were seen to play by us.
Rule-7 :
Passive Voice-G by Qvov Ab¨ preposition †hgb to, at, in, with BZ¨vw` e¨eüZ nq|
Active : I Know the truth.
Passive : The truth is Known to me.
Active : Her behavior Surprised me,
Passive : I was surprised at her behavior
Active : Light filled the room.
Passive : The room was filled with light.
Active : The parcel contains important materials.
Passive : Important materials ore contained in the parcel.
Rule-8 :
agree, `decide, demand, determine, arrange Gi ci infinitive _vK‡j Passive Kivi wbqg :
Active : He decided to sell the house.
Passive : He decided that the house should be sold
Rule-9 :
advise, suggest, propose, recommend Gi ci gerund _vK‡j Passive Kivi wbqg gerund _vK‡j Passive Kivi wbqg :
Active : He suggested giving up smoking.
Passive : He suggested that smoking should be given up.
Rule-10 :
One should hy³ Sentence †K Passive Kivi wbqg :
Active : One should take care of one’s health.
Passive : Health should be taken care of. (one ev` hv‡e)
Passive †_‡K Active
†Kvb Pssive Sentence-G object Dn¨ _vK‡j Active Kivi mgq A_© Abyhvqx Subject wb‡Z nq|
Passive : English is Spoken all over the world.
Active : People speak English all over the world.
Passive : The Ship was burnt.
Active : Fire burnt the ship.
Passive : He is not known here.
Active : None knows him here.
Passive : He is called a liar.
Active : People call him a liar.
Passive : Rome was not built in a day.
Active : The Roman did not built Rome in a day.
Passive : I was compelled to do it.
Active : Circumstance compelled me to do it.
Passive : The Thief was caught.
Active : The police caught the thief.
