সিনিয়র শিক্ষক, ইংরেজি
হলি ফ্লাওয়ার মডেল কলেজ
E-mail: [email protected]
প্রিয় শিক্ষার্থী বন্ধুরা, শুভেচ্ছা রইল। গত সংখ্যায় আমরা Voice change সংক্রান্ত Rules গুলো শিখেছি। আজ আমরা Rules গুলো প্রয়োগ করে Active voice থেকে Passive voice করা অনুশীলন করব।
Assertive Sentence
গঠন : Object-Gi Subject form + tense অনুযায়ী Auxiliary verb + g~j verb Gi P. P. form + by/at/with + Subject-Gi object form.
Active :
TheyPlayCricket Subjectg~j verbobject
Passive :
Cricket +is +Played +by +themSubjectAuxi. verbg~j v-Gi p.p form Preposition Object
e¨vL¨v : object cricket’ †K subject Kiv n‡q‡Q| verb `play’ present form G _vKvq Auxiliary verb `is’ n‡q‡Q| g~j verb `play’-Gi p.p form `played’ e‡m‡Q| Zvici preposition `by’ w`‡q subject `They’-Gi object form `them’ হয়েছে।
একইভাবে নিচের উদাহরণগুলো ঢ়ধংংরাব কর। তারপর শেষে দেয়া উত্তর মিলিয়ে নাও।
1.
a. He wants money.
b. We bought some new books.
c. She will buy a smart phone.
d. She is singing a patriotic song.
e. They were not making noise.
f. I will be writing a poem.
g. The boy has caught a bird.
h. We had watched an English movie.
i. You will have finished the work.
j. I may not help you.
k. We ought to obey our parents.
l. You must perform your duty.
m. The rich should help the poor.
n. They are going to buy a flat.
o. I did not take your pea.
Imperative sentence
†Pbvi Dcvq :
1. ïiæ‡Z g~j verb _v‡K|
2. ïiæ‡Z Don’t /Do not /Never _v‡K
3. ïiæ‡Z Let _v‡K|
l ïiæ‡Z g~j verb _vK‡j Passive Kivi wbqg :
MVb : Let + obj Gi sub. form + be + g~j verb Gi p.p. from.
Active : choose the best answer.
Passive : Let the best answer be chosen.
l ïiæ‡Z Do not/ Never _vK‡jÑ
MVb : Let not/Let never + obj + be + g~j verb Gi p.p form.
Active : Do not bate the poor.
Passive : Let not the poor be hated
l ïiæ‡Z Let _vK‡jÑ
MVb : Let + †k‡li obj + be + g~j verb Gi p.p form + by+ Let Gi c‡ii e¨w³evPK obj.
Active : Let me solve the matter.
Passive : let the matter be solved by me.
l ïiæ‡Z g~j verb + e¨w³evPK obj (me, him, us) _vK‡j
MVb : Let+ †k‡li obj + be + g~j verb Gi p.p form + for + Let Gi c‡ii obj.
Active : Pluck me a flower.
Passive : Let a flower be plucked for me.
2.
a. Solve the problem.
b. Do the work.
c. Post the letter.
d. Do not open the window.
e. Don’t make a noise.
f. Never trust a false friend
g. Never tell a lie.
h. Let her sing a song.
i. Let me take the ball.
j. Let them do the work.
k. Buy me a shirt.
l. Bring me a chair.
Interrogative Sentence
Interrogative Sentence Gi gva¨‡g †Kvb wKQz Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq| †k‡l Question mark cÖkœ‡evaK wPý (?) _v‡K| GB Sentence `yÕfv‡e ïiæ nq|
1. Auxiliary verb w`‡q 2. WH (What, When, Why, Who, Whom, How) w`‡q|
Auxiliary verb w`‡q ïiæ n‡j passive Kivi MVb : Tense Ges Passive subject Abyhvqx Auxi. verb + obj -Gi Sub. form + g~j verb Gi p.p form + by + sub. Gi obj. form +?
Active : Does he like tea?
Passive : Is tea liked by him?
e¨vL¨v : `Does’ Present form Ges `tea’ passive subject ZvB Rules Abyhvqx Auxi. verb `Is’ e‡m‡Q| object `tea’ Gi Sub. form `tea’ n‡q‡Q| g~j verb Gi p.p form Gi ci `by’ e‡m‡Q| sub `he’ Gi obj form `him’ Ges †kl (?) e‡m‡Q|
l WH (Where, When, Why, How) w`‡q ïiæ n‡jÑ
MVb : WH + Auxi. verb + obj Gi sub. form + g~j verb Gi p.p form + by + sub. Gi obj form +?
Active : When will you return my book?
Passive : When will my book be returned by you?
l Who w`‡q ïiæ n‡jÑ
MVb : Who Gi cwie‡Z© By whom + Auxi. verb + obj Gi sub. form + g~j verb Gi P.P. form +?
Active : Who called me?
Passive : By Whom was I Called?
l Whom w`‡q ïiæ n‡jÑ
MVb : Whom Gi cwie‡Z© Who+ Auxi. verb + g~j verb Gi P. P form + by + sub Gi obj. form +?
we.`ª. What, Which, Whose Gi †ÿ‡ÎI GKB MVb Z‡e ïiæ‡Z G¸‡jv AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K|
Active : What do you want?
Passive : What is wanted by you?
3.
a. Hove you done the work?
b. Does he speak English?
c. Where did you find him?
d. How can you it?
e. Who is helping her?
f. Who will drive the car?
g. Whom did you meet
h. Whom has he seen in the room?
i. What can they do for us?
j. Which movie has she watched?
Answer :
1.
a. Money is wanted by him?
b. Some new books were bought by us.
c. A smart phone will be bought by her.
d. A patriotic song is being sung by her.
e. Noise was not being made by them.
f. A poem will be being written by me.
g. A bird has been caught by the boy.
h. An English movie had been watched by us.
i. The work will have been finished by you.
j. You may not be helped by me.
k. Our parents ought to be obeyed by us.
l. Your duty must be performed by you.
m. The poor should be helped by the rich.
n. A flat is going to be bought by them.
o. Your pea was not taken by me.
2.
a. Let the problem be solved.
b. Let the work be done.
c. Let the letter be posted.
d. Let not the window be opened.
e. Let not a noise be mode.
f. Let never a false friend be trusted.
g. Let never a lie be told.
h. Let a song be sung by her.
i. Let the ball be taken by me.
j. Let the work be done by them.
k. Let a shirt be bought for me.
l. Let a chair be brought for me.
3.
a. Has the work been done by you?
b. Is English spoken by him?
c. where was he found by you?
d. How can it be done by you?
e. By whom is she being helped?
f. By whom will the car be driven?
g. who was met by you?
h. who has been seen by him in the room?
i. What can be done by them for us?
j. which movie has been watched by her?
